Question

The propaganda movement 1872-1896 was spearhead mostly by the intellectual middle class like jose rizal marcelo del pilar graciano lopez antonio luna marlane ponee jose ma panganiban and pedro paterno

Answer 1

The Propaganda Movement was a set of communication actions through books, leaflets and newspaper articles by a group of Filipinos who called for political reforms, lasting approximately from 1880 to 1898 with the most activity between 1880 and 1895.

Prominent members included José Rizal, author of Noli Me Tángere and El filibusterismo, Graciano López Jaena, publisher of La Solidaridad, the movement's principal organ, Mariano Ponce, the organization's secretary and Marcelo H. del Pilar.

Specifically, the Propagandists aims were the following:

• Reinstating the former representation of the Philippines in the Cortes Generales or Spanish Parliament

• Secularization of the clergy

• Legalization of Spanish and Filipino equality

• Reestablishment of Spanish citizenship for Filipinos

• Reestablishment of the Philippines as a province of Spain

• Abolition of polo services

• Guarantee of basic freedoms

• Equal opportunity for Filipinos and Spanish to enter government service