Question

The removal of anthers before they mature.​

Answer 1

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The removal of anthers before they mature are called Emasculation

Answer 2

Answer:

The process is called Emasculation

Explanation:

Emasculation is the process of removing anthers from bisexual flowers without affecting the female reproductive part (pistil).

Emasculation is performed by plant breeders in bisexual flowers to obtain the desired variety of a plant by crossing a particular plant with the desired pollen grain.

The methods are :

• Hand Emasculation : In species with large flowers, removal of anthers is possible with the help of forceps. It is done before anther dehiscence. It is generally done between 4 and 6 PM one day before anthers dehisce.
• Suction Method : It is useful in species with small flowers. A thin rubber or a glass tube attached to a suction hose is used to suck the anthers from the flowers.
• Hot Water Treatment : In case of hot water emasculation, the temperature of water and duration of treatment vary from crop to crop. It is determined for every species. For sorghum 42-48OC for 10 minutes is found to be suitable. In the case of rice, 10 minutes treatments with 40-44OC is adequate.
• Alcohol Treatment : In Lucerne the inflorescence immersed in 57% alcohol for10 second was highly effective. It is better method of emasculation than suction method.