The replication of chromosomes by eukaryotes occurs in a relatively short period of time because
A.the eukaryotes have more amount of DNA for replication
B. the eukaryotic replication machinery is 1000 times faster than the prokaryotes
C. each chromosome contains multiple replicons
D. eukaryotic DNA is always single stranded
Answers
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Eukaryotic DNA replication of chromosomal DNA is central for the duplication of a cell and is necessary for the maintenance of the eukaryotic genome.
DNA replication is the action of DNA polymerases synthesizing a DNA strand complementary to the original template strand. To synthesize DNA, the double-stranded DNA is unwound by DNA helicases ahead of polymerases, forming a replication fork containing two single-stranded templates. Replication processes permit the copying of a single DNA double helix into two DNA helices, which are divided into the daughter cells at mitosis. The major enzymatic functions carried out at the replication fork are well conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, but the replication machinery in eukaryotic DNA replication is a much larger complex, coordinating many proteins at the site of replication, forming the replisome.[1]
Correct answer is C.
The replication of chromosomes by eukaryotes occurs in a relatively short period of time because each chromosome contains multiple replicons.
Prokaryotic such as bacteria often contain only one chromosome with one origin at which two replication forks assemble and move in opposite directions. In E.coli circular 4.4 mb genome, forming a single replicon or unit of replication from a single origin. In contrast, eukaryotes typically have multiple linear chromosomes, each with many origins. Multiple origin are a necessity for eukaryotes as they have much larger genomes than bacteria.