Question

the reproduction in flower xplain in detail?

Answer 1

$\textbf{Reproduction in Flowering Plants}$

In flowering plants, sexual reproduction takes place in flowers.

To study reproduction in flowering plants, we will need to go through their structure in detail.

$\textbf{Structure of a Flower}$

A flower consists of four major parts -

⏩Sepals

Sepals are the green leaves of flower.

⏩Petals

Petals are the colored leaves of a flower.

⏩Stamen

Stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower. It consists of three parts - Anther, Filament and Connective.

⏩Pistil

Pistil is the female reproductive part of the flower. It consists of three parts - Stigma, Style and Ovary.

$\textbf{Process of Reproduction}$

The following events occur during sexual reproduction in flowering plants.

➡️Firstly, the pollen grains fall on the stigma.

➡️The pollen grains take moisture from the surface of stigma and develop a pollen tube.

➡️The pollen tube carries two male nucei.

➡️One of the male nuclei fuses with the egg cell. This process is called Syngamy. It converts into a zygote which afterwards develops into the seed.

➡️The second male nuclei fuses with two poar bodies. This process is known x Triple Fusion. It helps in the development of endosperm.

➡️As in flowering plants, the fusion of gametes takes place twice (First, by the process of Syngamy. Second, by the process of Triple Fusion). Hence it is also known as Double Fertilization.

$\textbf {Pollination}$

The transfer of pollen grains from the Anther to stigma of a flower is called Pollination.

TYPES OF POLLINATION -

⏩Self Pollination

When the anther of the same flower falls on the surface of its own stigma, it is called self - Pollination.

When the anther of one flower falls on the stigma of another flower present on the same plant, it will be termed as self pollination only.

⏩Cross pollination

When the anther of one flower falls on the surface of stigma of a different flower present on another plant, it is called cross pollination.

Answer 2

                     Reproduction in flowers  

Reproduction means creating a new generation  from the parent ether in sexual or asexual way.

Types of reproduction in plants :-  

(1) Asexual reproduction : - ( a plant give rise to  

a new plant without seeds, the new plant looks  

very similar to its parent plant, it takes less time  

to grow )  

• (i) Vegetative propagation
• (ii) Budding
• (iii) Fragmentation
• (iv) Spore formation

(2) Sexual reproduction involves :- ( a plant which  

grows with the help of seeds, the new plant  

produced can differ from it's parent plant , It  

takes a long time to grow )  

• (i) Self pollination  
• (ii) Cross pollination
• (iii) Fertilization  
• (iv) Seed dispersal.

There are two type of Flowers  

1 - Unisexual  

The plants which have either only stamen or  only pistil present in it is called as unisexual  flower, in such plants cross pollination takes  place.

2 - Bisexual flowers

The plants which have both stamen and pistil in it,  here self pollination takes place.

{ We will know more about different types of  pollination further in the answer}  

Male part Stamen consists of Anther and filament  

Female part Pistil consists of Stigma, style and  ovary

Reproduction in flowers is termed as sexual  reproduction as it involves two parents that is  Pollen grain i.e male part present in Stamen and  Ovules (eggs) i.e female part present in pistil.  

 

Pollination  

• Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma

• Pollen grains are present in anther, they have a  protective coat which prevents them from drying .
• Pollen grains are very light in weight they can be  carried by wind,water and animals or insects  which visits to flower.

Pollination is classified in two types :-

1) self pollination  

When the Pollen of the same plant falls on the  stigma of the same plant is known as self  pollination  .

2) cross pollination

When the pollen falls on a different flower of  same plant or different plant of same kind is  known as cross pollination  

Fertilization  

When male and females gametes fuses with each  other to form a zygote is called fertilization, the  zygote further turns into an embryo.

The fruits are ripened ovary. From ovules seeds  are developed.  

Seed dispersal  

• Dispersal is the scattering of seeds by agents like   wind, water and animals
• Seed dispersal takes place with the help of wind,   water and insects  
• It prevents competition among the plants for   space sunlight water and also avoid over   crowding