Question

“The River Yakima was treacherous. Mother continually warned about it and kept fresh in my mind the details
of each drowning in the river.”
Douglas, in “Deep Water”, wanted to learn to swim and was not deterred either by his mother's warnings
or by the fact that he nearly drowned in the YMCA swimming pool.
After reading the lesson you realise that it is really important to follow our dreams. Sometimes we are
afraid of water as was Douglas, but we need to overcome our fears if we wish to be successful in our
endeavours.
You wish to write an article (120-150 words) in the school magazine urging young people to be fearless
in following their dreams. You wish to remind them that the future of the nation lies in the hands of
its intrepid/fearless youth.
please give me a nice answer and ill mark it as brainliest​

Answer 1

Answer:

Caustic soda is an alkali salt which is also called Lye. It is the common name of sodium hydroxide. This name is given due to the corrosive nature of this salt on animal and plant tissues. It has a wide range of applications. The chemical formula of sodium hydroxide is NaOH.

Preparation of Caustic Soda

Sodium hydroxide can be prepared by various methods like:

Castner-Kellner process

Nelson Diaphragm cell

Loewig’s process

Castner-Kellner process

Principle: In the Castner-Kellner method, electrolysis of brine solution is performed in order to obtain sodium hydroxide.

Castner-Kellner cell: It is a steel tank that is rectangular. Ebonite is lined inside the tank. Titanium acts as an anode and a layer of mercury at the bottom of the tank acts as the cathode.

Ionization of brine solution occurs according to the following reaction:

2NaCl→2N

a

++2C

l

−

When the brine solution comes in contact with electric current, ionization takes place. As a result positive and the negative ions move towards the electrodes. Sodium ions get deposited at the mercury cathode forming a sodium amalgam. Chlorine ions move towards the anode and exit the cell from the top.

Reaction at the anode:

2C

l−→C

l2+2

e−

Reaction at the cathode:

2N

a++2

e−→2Na

Formation of NaOH

The amalgam formed is then transferred to another chamber called denuder. In the denuder, it is treated with water to obtain a sodium hydroxide solution. On evaporation of the solution, solid sodium hydroxide is formed. This is a very efficient process in order to obtain pure caustic soda.