Question

The shape of the molecules is based on the VSEPR theory. Give the salient features of this theory ​

Answer 1

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Yeah you are absolutely right.

The shape of the molecules is based on VSPER theory [ Valency Shell Electron Pair Repulsion ] Theory.

Let us see some of the Salient features of this theory and some examples,

$\pink{ \boxed{Salient\: Features\: of\: VSEPR\:Theory }}$

➠ The shape of the molecule and the bond angle depends on the repulsion between electron pairs present in valency shell of central atom.

➠ Electron in central atoms are of two types

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀❆ Bond Pair ❆

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀❆ Lone pair ❆

➠ Pair of electrons in the valency shell should repel one another since they have negative charge in their valency cloud.

➠ The extent of repulsion between also depends on the Electronegativity difference between two bonded atoms.

➠ The repulsion between electron pair is given as

${\huge{\underline{\small{\mathbb{\blue{L.P-L.P\: >\: L.P-B.P\: >\: B.P-B.P }}}}}}$

➠ Repulsion between 2 single bonds will be lesser than 2 double bonds.

➠ According to VSEPR Theory electron pair will be arranged around the central atom with least possible repulsions {i.e} Max possible gap should be maintained.

➠ A multiple bond is treated as if it has single electron pair.

✧ Bond Pair - Has No lone pair of electrons ✧

✧ Lone Pair - Has left lone pair of electrons ✧

➠ In the given VSPER molecule H will involve single bond, Halogen will involve Single bond, O will involve double bond & N will involve triple bond

-These are some of the salient features of VSPER theory.

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Some of the shapes and Bond angles of VSPER theory are,

1.) Linear - 180°

2.) Trigonal Planar - 120°

3.) Tetrahedral - 109.28°

4.) Trigonal Bipyramidal -180°,120°,90°

5.) See saw shape = >120° and >90°

6.) T shaped - < 90°

7.) Octahedral - 90°

8.) Square planar - 90°

9.) Pentogonal Bipyrimdal - 90°&72°

10.) Disorted octahedral - all angles ≠ 90°

ℌope ℑt ℌelps

Thanks for asking :)