Question

The spectator cation in the electrolytic process of sodium chloride solution is:

Answer 1

Answer:

Electrolysis involves the movement of ions to the electrode. Solid-state does not allow the movement of ions and unsuitable for electrolysis. When melted at high temperature, sodium chloride separates into sodium and chloride ions, so that, electrolysis can take place to form sodium atom and chlorine gas.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Na+

Electrolysis is the process of passing an electric current through a substance to cause a chemical change. A chemical change occurs when a substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction). The procedure is carried out in an electrolytic cell, which is a device comprised of positive and negative electrodes held apart and immersed in a solution containing positively and negatively charged ions. The substance to be transformed could be the electrode, the solution, or it could be dissolved in the solution. Electric current (i.e., electrons) enters the system through the negatively charged electrode (cathode); solution components travel to this electrode, combine with the electrons, and are transformed (reduced). The end result could be neutral elements or new molecules.

Ionization of sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2 O) occurs as follows :

Nacl ⇄ $Na^{+}+ Cl^{-}$ and H20 ⇄ $H^{+}+OH^{-}$

Near the cathode, both Na+ and H+ are present. However, H+ has a lower discharge potential than Na+. As a result, H+ ions are discharged before Na + ions.

$H^{+}$ + e− ⟶H

H + H⟶ H2

​Thus, H2 gas is liberated at cathode and Na + remain in the solution.

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