"The spread and scale of urbanization brings variety of challenges" Analyse the statement and explian it in about 450 words
Answers
Answer:
Throughout history, cities have been the main centres of learning, culture and innovation. It is not surprising that the world's most urban countries tend to be the richest and have the highest human development.
Ongoing rapid urbanisation has the potential to improve the well-being of societies. Although only around half the world’s people live in cities, they generate more than 80 percent of Global Domestic Product (GDP). Cities are also younger: home to relatively more young and working-age adults than rural areas, making them pivotal places to capture demographic dividends.
And around the world cities are introducing initiatives aimed at addressing poverty, improving infrastructure and tackling pollution.
For example, in a special contribution to the 2013 Human Development Report, former New York Major, Michael Bloomberg talked about the ‘Opportunity NYC: Family Rewards’ initiative, the first conditional cash transfer programme in the United States, that aimed to reduce poverty and inequalities in the city by providing households with incentives for preventive health care, education and job training.
Moreover according to UN Habitat, 1600 cities worldwide are now reporting on air pollution levels, which allow them to map the main sources of pollution and implement effective measures to improve the quality of the air.
Yet urbanization also presents many human development challenges. It is estimated that nearly 40 percent of the world’s urban expansion may be in slums, exacerbating economic disparities and unsanitary conditions. Rapid urbanization is also linked to environmental concerns and many cities located in coastal areas or on river banks may also be vulnerable to natural disasters such as storms, cyclones and floods. Likewise, poor urban infrastructure - such as unreliable power systems, congested roads and poor public transport, inefficient ports and inadequate schools - reduces cities' competitiveness and economic prospects.
Answer:
this is so long answer I will tell you the short answer after 20 daus