The stem of a fruit tree X fixed in soil is cut in a slanting way. The upper part of stem of another fruit tree Y of different variety of same species is also cut in a slanting way. The cut stem of tree Y, without roots but having some leaves, is placed over the rooted cut stem of tree X in such a way that their cut surfaces fit together properly. While joining the two cut stems, care is taken to make sure that the layer Z of one cut stem is in contact with layer Z of the other cut stem. The joint of cut stem is bound tightly with a piece of cloth and covered properly with polythene. Soon the cut heals and the two stems grow together and become one fruit tree producing leaves, flowers and fruits.
(a) What is the name of this method of producing plants or trees?
(b) What name is given to the cut stem of tree X having roots?
(c) What name is given to the cut stem of tree Y which has no roots but has some leaves?
(d) Name the layer Z.
(e) Why should the layer Z of one cut stem be in contact with the layer Z of the other cut stem?
(f) Name any four fruit trees which are usually bred by this technique.
(g) State any one advantage of producing fruit trees by this technique.
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a) grafting.
(b) The cut stem of a plant having roots and fixed in soil is called stock.
(c) The cut stem of plant which has no roots but has some leaves is called scion.
(d) Z is cambium layer.
(e) The layer Z called cambium layer of one stem be in contact with the layer of the other cut stem because cambium layer in the stem is responsible for growth.
(f) Peach, apple, apricot and pear trees are usually bred by the grafting method.
(g) Advantage: It enables us to combine the most desirable characteristics of the two plants in its flowers and fruits.
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Above answer is correct
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