Question

The type of sigma bond between C-C in graphite
is
1) sp-sp
2) sp3 – sp3
4) sp2 – sp2
3)p-p
Which element shows catenation
2) Si
3) Sn
4) Pb
1) Cd​

Answer 1

Answer:

a-1.

b- 2.

Explanation:

Hope this may help you.....

Answer 2

$\rm{\boxed{\rm \red{Solution}} }$

$\to$We know that the structure of graphite is hexagonal sheet-like  

We know that the electronic configuration of carbon is $\rm 1s^22s^22p^2$

We can write the electronic configuration of carbon as .

We know that an element in its always tries that its orbitals are either full filled or half-filled.

Therefore,

The electronic configuration of carbon in the excited state is  (or) .

We know that the carbon atoms in graphite are in the excited state,

Therefore,

The electronic configuration of the carbon atoms in graphite becomes .

$\setlength{\unitlength}{2mm}\begin{picture}(0,0)\thicklines\put(0,4){\line(3,0){9mm}}\put(5,3.5){\sf C}\put(5.8,3){\line(1,-2){3mm}}\put(7.3,-1.4){\sf C}\put(8.6,-1.1){\line(3,0){9mm}}\put(13.5,-1.45){\sf C}\put(14.8,0){\line(1,2){3mm}}\put(16.2,3.2){\sf C}\put(18,4){\line(3,0){9mm}}\put(6,5.3){\line(1,2){3mm}}\put(7.5,8.5){\sf C}\put(9,9){\line(3,0){9mm}}\put(14,8.5){\sf C}\put(15,8.2){\line(1,-2){3mm}}\end{picture}$

In graphite,

One carbon atom is attached to three carbon atoms and the bond in graphite are covalent in nature,

Therefore,

3 electrons would be shared  

1 electron would be given from the 2s orbital and the remaining two from the 2p orbital from the excited carbon atom. There would be one electron which does not take part in the chemical bonding.

As the bond between the carbon atoms is formed by one electron from s orbital and remaining 2 from the p orbital,  

Therefore the sigma bond between two carbon atoms becomes $\rm sp^2 - sp^2$.

$\to$ Catenation is the process by which an element attaches to itself by covalent bonds to form molecules in the shape of a chain or a  ring.

The property is mostly shown by the carbon family elements

In the given options,

Silicon is the element which belongs to the carbon family

Hence,

Silicon shows the property of catenation.