The typical image of a cell is one which is round. However, most cells are only round during cell division, as their connections to surrounding matrices are phosphorylated (and broken). Which protein, which connects cells to surrounding collagen fibres, is phosphorylated during cell division, making cells appear round?
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Short Answer⬇️⬇️
Integrins✔✔✔
Integrins are proteins found in the cell membrane of many cells.
They connect actin within the cell to collagen fibres in the extracellular matrix (via fibronectin, a linker protein).
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Answer: Integrins
Integrins, like other cell adhesion molecules, differ from cell-surface receptors for hormones and for other extracellular soluble signal molecules in that they usually bind their ligand with lower affinity and are usually present at about tenfold to a hundredfold higher concentration on the cell surface. If the binding were too tight, cells would presumably become irreversibly glued to the matrix and would be unable to move—a problem that does not arise if attachment depends on large numbers of weak adhesions. This is an example of the “Velcro principle” mentioned earlier. Like other transmembrane cell adhesion proteins, however, integrins do more than just attach a cell to its surroundings. They also activate intracellular signaling pathways that communicate to the cell the character of the extracellular matrix that is bound.