the united nation chapter summary
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The UN Charter mandates that the UN and its member states maintain international peace and security, uphold international law, achieve "higher standards of living" for their citizens, address "economic, social, health, and related problems", and promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and ...
Answer:
The UN Charter mandates that the UN and its member states maintain international peace and security, uphold international law, achieve "higher standards of living" for their citizens, address "economic, social, health, and related problems", and promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion."[2][3] As a charter and constituent treaty, its rules and obligations are binding on all members and supersede those of other treaties.[1][4]
During the Second World War, the Allied powers, known formally as the United Nations, agreed on the necessity of establishing a new postwar international organization.[5] Pursuant to this goal, the UN Charter was discussed, prepared, and drafted during the San Francisco Conference that began 25 April 1945, which involved most of the world's sovereign nations.[6] Following two-thirds approval of each part, the final text was unanimously adopted by the delegates and opened for signature on 26 June 1945;[7][8] it was signed at the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center in San Francisco, United States, by 50 of the 51 original member countries.[7][Note 1]
The Charter entered into force on 24 October 1945, following ratification by the original five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China,[Note 2] France,[Note 3] the Soviet Union,[Note 4] the United Kingdom, and the United States—and a majority of the other signatories. Subsequently, 24 October was later declared as United Nations Day by the United Nations General Assembly.[9] The first UN General Assembly, representing the 51 original members, opened in London the following January. On the fourth anniversary of the Charter's entry into force, the cornerstone was laid for the present United Nations headquarters in New York City. With 193 parties, most countries in the world have now ratified the Charter.
Summary Edit
Insignia appeared in the frontispiece of the charter, prototype of the current logo of the United Nations.
The Charter consists of a preamble and 111 articles grouped into 19 chapters.[1]
The preamble consists of two principal parts. The first part contains a general call for the maintenance of peace and international security and respect for human rights. The second part of the preamble is a declaration in a contractual style that the governments of the peoples of the United Nations have agreed to the Charter and it is the first international document regarding human rights.
Chapter I sets forth the purposes of the United Nations, including the important provisions of the maintenance of international peace and security.
Chapter II defines the criteria for membership in the United Nations.
Chapters III–XV, the bulk of the document, describe the organs and institutions of the UN and their respective powers.
Chapters XVI and Chapter XVII describe arrangements for integrating the UN with established international law.
Chapters XVIII and Chapter XIX provide for amendment and ratification of the Charter.
The following chapters deal with the enforcement powers of UN bodies:
Chapter VI describes the Security Council's power to investigate and mediate disputes;
Chapter VII describes the Security Council's power to authorize economic, diplomatic, and military sanctions, as well as the use of military force, to resolve disputes;
Chapter VIII makes it possible for regional arrangements to maintain peace and security within their own region;
Chapters IX and Chapter X describe the UN's powers for economic and social cooperation, and the Economic and Social Council that oversees these powers;
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