Question

The unutilised heat released by the living organisms is called

Answer 1

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The organisms can get energy and heat by external sources or internal sources. As external sources we can mention: Environmental Energy, Food (Nutrition and Radiation Absorption. The Internal sources are the basal Metabolism of all Cells that will lead to the production of ATP that is necessary for the metabolic reactions. Some animals, called heterothermic, are dependent on environmental energy to regulate their body temperature, which means that to get warm they need to lie on the sun (they are absorbing the radiation from the sun), or go to a cool rock to get colder (because, two corps at different temperatures have the tendency to achieve the thermal equilibrium) The Plants, during photosynthesis, absorb radiation and convert it into chemical Energy that is stored in carbohydrates molecules, which are synthesized from water and carbon dioxide. When animals consume these plants as food, they get energy by breaking the molecules of sugar and transforming them into ATP through cellular respiration process. This process occurs in mitochondria in four main steps: Glycolisis, Decarboxylation of pyruvate, Krebs cycle and Oxidative Phosphorilation. During cellular respiration an amount of 674000 calories is produced, part of this energy is store in ATP molecules and used to intercellular energy transfer and other part is released and used as a source of heat, responsible to maintain constant the body temperature. The Animals can also produce heat by other internal sources as the muscular tension by the muscular tremor- shivering, this is common when the body as to react to a low environment’s temperature or to a loss of body’s heat.