the walls of the large intestine absorb water digested food and digested matter Celsius
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The purpose of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over. By the time food mixed with digestive juices reaches your large intestine, most digestion and absorption has already taken place.
Answer:
The large intestine absorbs water from the remaining indigestible food matter and compacts feces prior to defecation.
Function and Form of the Large Intestine-
The function of the large intestine (or large bowel) is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter, and then to pass the useless waste material from the body. The large intestine consists of the cecum and colon.
It starts in the right iliac region of the pelvis, just at or below the right waist, where it is joined to the bottom end of the small intestine (cecum). From here it continues up the abdomen (ascending colon), then across the width of the abdominal cavity (transverse colon), and then it turns down (descending colon), continuing to its endpoint at the anus (sigmoid colon to rectum to anus). The large intestine is about 4.9 feet (1.5 m) long—about one-fifth of the whole length of the intestinal canal.
Histology of the Large Intestine
The large intestine has taeniae coli and invaginations (the intestinal glands), unlike the small intestines.
The large intestine, or large bowel, is the last part of the digestive system in vertebrate animals. Its function is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter, and then to pass the useless waste material from the body. The large intestine consists of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal.
It starts in the right iliac region of the pelvis, just at or below the right waist, where it is joined to the bottom end of the small intestine. From here it continues up the abdomen, across the width of the abdominal cavity, and then it turns downward, continuing to its endpoint at the anus.
The large intestine differs in physical form from the small intestine in being much wider. The longitudinal layer of the muscularis is reduced to three strap-like structures known as the taeniae coli—bands of longitudinal muscle fibers, each about 1/5 in wide. These three bands start at the base of the appendix and extend from the cecum to the rectum.
Along the sides of the taeniae are tags of peritoneum filled with fat; these are called epiploic appendages, or appendices epiploicae. The wall of the large intestine is lined with simple columnar epithelium.
Instead of having the evaginations of the small intestine ( villi ), the large intestine has invaginations (the intestinal glands). While both the small intestine and the large intestine have goblet cells that secrete mucin to form mucus in water, they are abundant in the large intestine.
Sigmoid colon: A photograph of the large bowel (sigmoid colon) that shows multiple diverticula on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (Taenia coli).
In histology, an intestinal crypt—called the crypt of Lieberkühn—is a gland found in the epithelial lining of the small intestine and colon. The crypts and intestinal villi are covered by epithelium that contains two types of cells: goblet cells that secrete mucus and enterocytes that secrete water and electrolytes.
The enterocytes in the mucosa contain digestive enzymes that digest specific food while they are being absorbed through the epithelium. These enzymes include peptidases, sucrase, maltase, lactase and intestinal lipase. This is in contrast to the stomach, where the chief cells secrete pepsinogen. In the intestine, the digestive enzymes are not secreted by the cells of the intestine.
Also, new epithelium is formed here, which is important because the cells at this site are continuously worn away by the passing food. The basal portion of the crypt, further from the intestinal lumen, contains multipotent stem cells.
During each mitosis, one of the two daughter cells remains in the crypt as a stem cell, while the other differentiates and migrates up the side of the crypt and eventually into the villus. Goblet cells are among the cells produced in this fashion. Many genes have been shown to be important for the differentiation of intestinal stem cells.
The loss of proliferation control in the crypts is thought to lead to colorectal cancer.