History, asked by mastanshareef3698, 7 months ago

The well-to-do peasants and collective farms in Russia were called as: (a) Kulaks, Kolkhoz (b) Kulaks, Comintern (c) Kolas, Kolkhos (d) All of these

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Answered by sivaparvathima35

(a)kulaks,kolkhiz

Explanation:

russ

Answered by msjayasuriya4

Answer:

Collectivization in the Soviet Union

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The Soviet Union implemented the collectivization (Russian: Коллективизация) of its agricultural sector between 1928 and 1940 during the ascension of Joseph Stalin. It began during and was part of the first five-year plan. The policy aimed to integrate individual landholdings and labour into collectively-controlled and state-controlled farms: Kolkhozy and Sovkhozy accordingly. The Soviet leadership confidently expected that the replacement of individual peasant farms by collective ones would immediately increase the food supply for the urban population, the supply of raw materials for the processing industry, and agricultural exports. Planners regarded collectivization as the solution to the crisis of agricultural distribution (mainly in grain deliveries) that had developed from 1927.[1] This problem became more acute as the Soviet Union pressed ahead with its ambitious industrialization program, meaning that more food needed to be produced to keep up with urban demand.[2]

"Strengthen working discipline in collective farms" – Soviet propaganda poster issued in Soviet Uzbekistan, 1933

Illustration to the Soviet categories of peasants: bednyaks, or poor peasants; serednyaks, or mid-income peasants; and kulaks, the higher-income farmers who had larger farms than most Russian peasants. Published Projector May 1926.

In the early 1930s, over 91% of agricultural land became collectivized as rural households entered collective farms with their land, livestock, and other assets. The collectivization era saw several famines, many due to the shortage of modern technology in USSR at the time, but critics have also cited deliberate action on the government's part.[3] The death toll cited by experts has ranged from 7 million to 14 million.[4]

Background

Crisis of 1928

All-out drive, winter 1929–30

"Dizzy with Success"

Peasant resistance

Results

Progress of collectivization in the USSR 1927–1940

Decollectivization under German occupation