Question

There were various reasons which were responsible for the success of the British. In this perspective,

describe the following:

a) Absence of a strong Central leadership

b) 1) Lack of unity among Indian states ) Britain's superior army and navy

c) British Control over the Indian States​

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Explanation:

British were strong at sea. The British came through the sea; they established their naval power in the Indian Ocean before coming to the Indian mainland. Since none of the Indian states had a strong navy to challenge the British supremacy, they had an easy run to establish themselves in the coastal regions of India.

Divide and Rule: The British took advantage of the situation as the Indian rulers failed to create a stable social, political and economic order. The British took advantage of the deep division of Indian, social, political and economic structure. They adopted the policy of ‘Divide and Rule,’ policy and played one state against the other. Slowly many Indian states had fallen prey to the British designs and were forced to fight with each other.

The British also took advantage of the people, training them to be soldiers and employing them for the British army; the new army was better trained and more disciplined then the Indian armies.

The British made use of their Indian troops sided with an Indian kingdoms in defeating its rivals. The British in fact, caused a total of 111 wars among the Indian states.

Technological and Military superiority: The Indian armies were badly-trained and poorly-paid was no match for the disciplined and well-trained British forces. The Indians were technologically backward as well.

In comparison the British had technological military and transportation superiority over Indians. The British had developed new techniques of warfare that was unknown to Indians. It was with the help of the Indian soldiers, the British were able to capture most of India.

The British army’s were a united lot and moved much faster under a unified command. The British would retaliate if their trading fort was attacked by some overconfident governor or prince.

These are some of the reasons of the success of the British against the Indian rulers that led to the establishment of the British rule in India