they were established after the Vienna Congress
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After Napoleon was defeated, the great victorious countries like Prussia, Russia, Austria and England meet at Vienna between 1814 and 1815 to establish the relationships between the European States. The most important aspects were the restoration of the absolutism based on the principle of legitimacy, intervention on behalf of the defense of this principle and establish new frontiers in the distribution of the French Empire based on the principle of balance.
Spain, excluded from the Treaty of Paris from 1814 gets to Vienna as a second power and without any power to negotiate between others whose diplomatics had established and signed the agreements before hand.
Along the negotiation months, the forces reorganized. France is the leading signature of the Congress. Once the negotiation period is over, Spain refuses to sign the minute due to the impossibility of assuming the succession to the Duchy of Parma. It will end up signing the Minutes of the Vienna Congress in 1817 three days after signing his commitment to the Holly Alliance.
The Treaty of the Holly Alliance was an initiative of the tsar Alexander I that sought for Christian unity on the defense of the absolutism, but it was also an instrument from Russia against the British foreign policy. It was signed in 1815 by Austria´s emperor Francis I (Florence, Italy, 1768-Vienna, Austria, 1835), the king Frederick William I of Prussia (Potsdam, Germany, 1770- Berlin, Germany, 1840) and the tsar. Ferdinand VII signed the treaty a year after thanks to the Russian plenipotentiary Tatischeff (1767-1845) very close to the Spanish monarch.