Question

things that change when we convert a sentence from direct to indirect.(change in verb etc.)

Answer 1

Basic Tense Chart
The tenses generally move backwards in this way
present simple past simple
I’m a teacher He said he was a teacher
present continuous past continuous
I’m having lunch with my parents
He said he was having lunch with his parents.
present perfect simple
past perfect simple
I’ve been to France three times
He said he had been to France three times.
present perfect continuous
past perfect continuous
I’ve been working very hard
He said he had been working very hard.
past simple past perfect
I bought a new car He said he had bought a new car.
past continuous past perfect continuous
It was raining earlier He said it had been raining earlier.
past perfect past perfect
The play had started when I arrived
NO CHANGE POSSIBLE
past perfect continuous
past perfect continuous
I’d already been living in London for five years
NO CHANGE POSSIBLE

Answer 2

"said" is changed to "told to"
eg.:-She said Yashika ,"I help Dimple."
She told to that she helped her.

Inverted commas are removed while changing to indirect voice.

now - then
here- there
today- the following day
tonight- the following night