Thinkers and their countries
Answers
Answer:
Person Dates Nationality Notes
Thomas Abbt 1738–1766 German Author of "Vom Tode für das Vaterland" (On dying for one's nation). Thomas Abbt 01.jpg
Jean le Rond d'Alembert 1717–1783 French Mathematician and physicist, one of the editors of the Encyclopédie.[1] Alembert.jpg
Francis Bacon 1561–1626 English Philosopher who started the revolution in empirical thought that characterized much of the Enlightenment.[2] Francis Bacon.jpg
Pierre Bayle 1647–1706 French Literary critic known for his newsletter "Nouvelles de la république des lettres" and his powerful Dictionnaire historique et critique, and one of the earliest influences on the Enlightenment thinkers to advocate tolerance between the different religious beliefs. Pierre Bayle.jpg
James Beattie 1735–1803 Scottish Poet, moralist, and philosopher. Dr James Beattie.jpg
Cesare Beccaria 1738–1794 Italian Criminal law reformer, best known for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764). Cesare Beccaria in Dei delitti crop.jpg
Balthasar Bekker 1634–1698 Dutch A key figure in the early Enlightenment. In his book De Philosophia Cartesiana (1668) Bekker argued that theology and philosophy each had their separate terrains and that Nature can no more be explained from Scripture than can theological truth be deduced from Nature. Balthasar Bekker (1634-98). Predikant en letterkundige te Amsterdam Rijksmuseum SK-A-4612.jpeg
George Berkeley 1685–1753 Irish Philosopher and mathematician famous for developing the theory of subjective idealism.[3] John Smibert - Bishop George Berkeley - Google Art Project.jpg
Justus Henning Boehmer 1674–1749 German Ecclesiastical jurist, one of the first reformers of the church law and the civil law which was the basis for further reforms and maintained until the 20th century. Böhmer Justus Henning (1674–1749).jpg
Ruđer Josip Bošković (Roger Joseph Boscovich) 1711–1787 Ragusan (Croatian) A physicist, astronomer, mathematician, philosopher, diplomat, poet, theologian, Jesuit priest, and a polymath from the Republic of Ragusa (today Dubrovnik, Croatia), who studied and lived in Italy and France where he also published many of his works. He produced a precursor of atomic theory and made many contributions to astronomy, including the first geometric procedure for determining the equator of a rotating planet from three observations of a surface feature and for computing the orbit of a planet from three observations of its position. In 1753 he also discovered the absence of atmosphere on the Moon. Ruder Boskovic crop.jpg
James Boswell 1740–1795 Scottish Biographer of Samuel Johnson, helped established the norms for writing biography in general. James Boswell by Sir Joshua Reynolds.jpg
G.L. Buffon 1707–1788 French Biologist, author of L'Histoire Naturelle considered Natural Selection and the similarities between humans and apes. Buffon 1707-1788.jpg
Edmund Burke 1729–1797 Irish Parliamentarian and political philosopher, best known for pragmatism, considered important to both Enlightenment and conservative thinking. Edmund Burke by Sir Joshua Reynolds.jpg
Dimitrie Cantemir 1673–1723 Moldavian Philosopher, historian, composer, musicologist, linguist, ethnographer, and geographer. Dimitrie Cantemir - Foto01.jpg
Émilie du Châtelet 1706–1749 French Mathematician, physicist, and author. Translated Newton's Principia with commentary. Marquise du Châtelet par Largillière.JPG
Anders Chydenius 1729–1803 Finnish-Swedish Priest and an ecclesiastical member of the Riksdag, contemporary known as the leading classical liberal of Nordic history. Prosten Anders Chydenius.jpg
Francisco Javier Clavijero 1731–1787 Mexican Historian, best known for his Antique History of Mexico. Francisco Xavier Clavijero,.jpg
Étienne Bonnot de Condillac 1714–1780 French Philosopher.
Benjamin Franklin 1706–1790 American Statesman, scientist, political philosopher, author. As a philosopher known for his writings on nationality, economic matters, aphorisms published in Poor Richard's Almanac and polemics in favor of American Independence. Involved with writing the United States Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of 1787.