Question

This statement about Newton’s reflecting telescope contains an error. Fix the error by replacing it with the correct information.

Refracting telescopes distort the color of light. Newton thought that refracting telescopes distorted light in the same way that prisms did. Newton also believed that a reflecting telescope would not distort the color, because mirrors do not shift the wavelengths of the incoming light. Through his efforts, Newton created the first reflecting telescope. Light enters the telescope and reflects off a rough convex mirror at the back of the telescope. This light then is reflected to a smooth, flat diagonal mirror, which then reflects the light out to the eyepiece.

Answer 1

Answer:

In the mid 1600s, Isaac Newton was studying light and found that the bands of color plaguing early astronomers were formed from light passing through a lens or a prism. He came to the conclusion that white light is really a mixture of light of different colors. When light passes through a prism the different colors separate and are discernible. The same thing happens with a lens but to a much lesser degree. Newton thought that it would be impossible to get rid of chromatic aberration as long as lenses were used in telescopes.

Newton started working on another type of telescope that he thought should get rid of chromatic aberration. Instead of using a lens to focus the light from a star, Newton used a mirror. He experimented with different metals and polishing methods and made his first reflecting telescope in 1668. Newton was not the only astronomer to think of building a telescope with a mirror, but he was the first to produce a working reflecting telescope. His telescope was shown to the Royal Society of London, one of the most distinguished organizations promoting science. The demonstration was so successful that Newton was elected to membership to the Royal Society immediately. One hundred years later, my own brother William would also be admitted to the Royal Society when he discovered Georgium sidus using a telescope based on Newton’s design.

Reflecting telescopes proved difficult to construct. The mirrors were hard to polish to the proper shape. It was fifty years before another member of the Royal Society, John Hadley, improved the mirror by making it have a parabolic shape instead of Newton’s spherical shape. A parabolic mirror is able to focus all of the light to one point and thus provides a crisper image than does a spherical mirror. I know about this parabolic shape, as it is the design my brother used in making his own telescopes. There were times when I had to actually put food into William’s mouth because he could not stop grinding and polishing a mirror to eat. One time he was at it for sixteen hours straight.

Reflector: Diagram of a relecting telescope.

Reflector: Diagram of a relecting telescope.

Credit: Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum

Answer 2

The mirror at the back of  Newton's reflecting telescope was a concave mirror.

• The above given statement is mostly true about the first creation of reflecting telescope made by Sir Isaac Newton depending on the fact that the lenses create a certain distortion when light is entering them because of their ability to  refract light hence this idea let him to make the reflecting type telescope using Mirrors.
• The basic reflecting type telescope had two types of mirror one was the concave mirror unlike given in the statement  above. the concave mirror is able to to reflect light coming towards it into one Direction and the point at which the rays meet is the place where a diagonal plane mirror is kept above which the eyepiece is present so that there is no distortion of any kind and the image that appears to the viewer is correct.
• The main Idea behind using Mirrors in a telescope was that the property of a mirror is to reflect light and not refract them hence what image we see is just a reflection of the original image and not  a distorted image of any kind.

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