Question

Three different atoms of oxygen are represented as
O168,O178 and ​O188
(a) What do the subscripts (lower s) and superscripts (upper s) represent?
(b) What factor is responsible for the change in the superscripts 16, 17 and 18, though the element is the same?
(c) What is the usual name for such atoms of an element?
(d) Give the nuclear composition of O188​.

Answer 1

Isobars have Same Atomic But Different Mass Number

Explanation:

a.) The Lower Subscript represents the Atomic Number whereas the Upper Subscript represents the Mass Number.

As in the Oxygen here, $O^1^6_8$

8 is Atomic Number and 16 is Mass Number.

b) The factor responsible is number of Electrons. Since we know that Mass Number is equal to Sum of Protons and Electrons, Neutrons have Zero charge, But the charge of Electrons inculcates the Property.

Here, Oxygen has Different Mass Numbers, which represents-

$O^1^6$ = 8 Protons + 8 Electrons

$O^1^7$ = 8 Protons + 9 Electrons

$O^1^8$ = 8 Protons + 10 Electrons

c) The Usual Name is Isobars- Same Atomic Number But Different Mass Number

d) Nuclear Composition of $O^1^8_8$ is Shown in the attached Figure with 6 Electrons in outer shell and 2 in the inner.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

(a) subscript means atomic no and superscript means atomic mass.

b) The factor responsible is number of Electrons. Since we know that Mass Number is equal to Sum of Protons and Electrons, Neutrons have Zero charge, But the charge of Electrons inculcates the Property.

Here, Oxygen has Different Mass Numbers, which represents-

= 8 Protons + 8 Electrons

= 8 Protons + 9 Electrons

= 8 Protons + 10 Electrons

c) The Usual Name is Isobars- Same Atomic Number But Different Mass Number

d) Nuclear Composition of  is Shown in the attached Figure with 6 Electrons in outer shell and 2 in the inner.