three estates vs caste system
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The three main estates were: (i) the nobility, (ii) the church (religion) and (iii) the peasants, and within each estate there was a stratified hierarchy of positions. Supported by religion and tradition, the estate system permitted quite a bit more mobility among social strata than did the caste system.
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In the estate system, the nobles are born into that class. They claim their authority through the divine right of kings. Members of the clergy are born into nobility and then become priests, while commoners rarely move out of their position. ... Hindus based the caste system on the religious ideology of reincarnation
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