three minutes speech on unity in diversity
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India is a vast peninsula with a total land area of about 33 million Sq. Kms, and population exceeding 100 crores. Its length from North to South is about 3.200 Kilometers and breadth from East to West is nearly 3,000 Kilometers. Because of its area and population India is generally referred to as a sub-continent.
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Geographically, it is a land of contracts in numerous ways. It provides almost every type of climate, from extreme heat to extreme cold all the year round. The hilly regions in the North and elsewhere are as cold as some of the coldest parts of Europe. Certain areas in South are the hottest in the world. In Mumbai and Malwa, the climate is temperate though West Bengal is more humid.
India is a plural society. It is repository of multiplicity of cultures. Indian civilization, stretching over five thousand years, provides the most distinctive feature in the coexistence of unity in diversity.
India is said to be a synthesis of diverse social and cultural elements. A grand synthesis of cultures, religions and language of the people belonging to different castes and communities has upheld its unity and cohesiveness despite foreign invasions, and the Mughal and British rule.
National unity and integrity have been maintained even though sharp economic and social inequalities have obstructed the emergence of equalitarian social relations. It is this synthesis which has made India a unique mosaic of cultures. India is, in fact, a panorama of its own types without a parallel in other continents. Foreign invasions, immigration from other parts of the world and the existence of diverse languages, cultures and religions have made India’s culture tolerant, on the one hand, and a unique continuing and living culture with its specificity and historicity on the other.
Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism and Christianity are the major religions Besides twenty two Constitutionally recognized languages, there are several hundred dialects There is diversity not only in regard to racial compositions, religious and linguistic distinctions but also in patterns of living, life styles, occupational pursuits, inheritance and succession of law and practices and rites related to birth, marriage, death etc.
The idea of unity of India is inherent in all its historical and socio-cultural facts as well as in its cultural heritage. India has one Constitution providing guarantees for people belonging to diverse religious, cultures and languages. It covers people belonging to all socio-economic strata.