Question

Three ways reflected in operationalism

Answer 1

Operationalism is based on the intuition that we do not know the meaning of a concept unless we have a method of measurement for it. It is commonly considered a theory of meaning which states that “we mean by any concept nothing more than a set of operations; the concept is synonymous with the corresponding set of operations” (Bridgman 1927, 5). That drastic statement was made in The Logic of Modern Physics, published in 1927 by the American physicist P. W. Bridgman. The operationalist point of view, first expounded at length in that book, initially found many advocates among practicing physicists and those inspired by the tradition of American pragmatism or the new philosophy of logical positivism. It is highly doubtful that Bridgman intended to advance a precise and universal theory of meaning, or any systematic philosophical theory at all. His writings were primarily “reflections of a physicist”[1] rooted in experimental practice and aimed at articulating the scientific method from a first-person point of view. However, as Bridgman's ideas gained currency they were shaped into a general philosophical doctrine of “operationalism” or “operationism”, and in that form became very influential in many areas, especially in methodological debates in psychology. Both in philosophy and in psychology operationalism is nowadays commonly regarded as an extreme and outmoded position, but that is not to say that the potential of Bridgman's original ideas has been exhausted.

Answer 2

The three ways reflected in operationalism are:

i. The pre-operational stage is when we look at processes that transcend our theories.

ii. The second stage is the operational stage where the process is and the results are decided through experiments.

iii. The third stage is when the meaning of the scientific terms is given through theories in which the terms appear together based on the observations.

Explanation:

• Operationalism is a scientific concept that is used for defining the various scientific concepts that are specifically linked with functions of measurement and observation.

• Operationalism has been defined by a number of scientific explanations that aims at linking all scientific concepts to the different experimental procedures.  

• The scientist has adopted many approaches and used the process of operationalism in their subjects and theories earlier.  

• The operationalism was implicit in the working operations of the scientists and their point of view was expressed by them through their experiments.

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