Question

Throw light on production during the proto industrialisation phase in europe in the 17th and 18th centuries with

Answer 1

Explanation:

Throw light on production during the proto-industrialisation phase in Europe in the 17th and 18th century with an example. (i) Even before the factories began to be set up, there was large scale industrial production for international market. This period was referred as the period of proto-industralisation.

Answer 2

Proto-industrialization is generally a pre-industrialization phase. Protoindustrialization was marked by an increasing involvement of agrarian families, mainly via the relocation network organized by trading capitalists, in market-oriented craft production. It was an effective method of production which was controlled by merchants and had links to developing European consumerism Rural industrialization has been so widespread and economically and socially complex that it has become the leading driving force of economies towards phase two or industrial capitalism itself, based on centralized urban development.

Explanation:

• There was large-scale industrial production for the international market even before the factories started to be established. This time was called the proto-industrialization era
• During this time, the merchants of European cities moved to the countryside and provided farmers and craftspeople with money and persuaded them to make products for the international market.
• Demand for goods began to grow, as world trade grew and colonies in various parts of the world were established. But in the cities, the merchants could not not expand production within towns.
• The urban arts and trade associations became strong and monopolized in the manufacture and commerce of specific products. New traders found it hard to develop business in cities. The proto-industrial system was part of a trade network
• The proto-industrialisation initially led to specialization, using surplus labor available during slow agricultural times-not only in industrial production, but also commercial agricultural production. This allowed regional economy-friendly trade to reciprocate.
• This led to an accumulation of capital and the creation of entrepreneurial capabilities by commercial entrepreneurs (merchant capitalists), which assisted in the development of capital-intensive, large-scale production methods in the full industrialization phase that followed.
• Proto-industrialism caused social changes that would become more pronounced during full industrialization in traditional agrarian societies, for example, the greater independence of women and children, who obtained income separated from the family farm
• Machines were not used during this industrialization period. At that point, they were not even invented. People could use only their hands or any material made by hand to produce the required products