Question

Time le
00:09:5
objects roll'
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Answer 1

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

When you slide an object over a surface (say, a book over a table), it will typically slow down quickly, due to frictional forces. When you do the same with a round object, like a water bottle, it may initially slide a little (especially if you push it hard), but will quickly start to rotate. You can easily check that when rotating, the object loses much less kinetic energy to work than when sliding - take the same water bottle, either on its bottom (sliding only) or on its side (a little sliding plus rolling), push it with the same initial force, and let go: the rolling bottle gets much further. However, somewhat ironically, the bottle can only roll thanks to friction. To start rolling, it needs to change its angular momentum, which requires a torque, which is provided by the frictional force acting on the bottle.

When a bottle (or ball, or any round object) rolls, the instantaneous speed of the point touching the surface over which it rolls is zero. Consequently, its rotational speed  ω  and the translational speed of its center of rotation  vr  (where the r subscript is to indicate rolling) are related by  vr=ωR , with R the relevant radius of our object. If the object’s center of rotation moves faster than  vr , the rotation can’t ‘keep up’, and the object slides over the surface. We call this type of motion slipping. Due to friction, objects undergoing slipping motion typically quickly slow down to  vr , at which point they roll without slipping.

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