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Q.1) Define quantum numbers and explain
its type also.
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Answer 1

Answer:

ANSWER

The numbers which identify the state of an electron, specify the energy associated with it and its location around the nucleus are called quantum numbers. these numbers are used to designate and distinguish electrons in atomic orbitals.

There are four quantum numbers, the principal quantum number(n) azimuthal quantum number(l), the magnetic quantum number(m), and spin quantum number(s).

Atomic orbitals can be completely described in terms of a set of three quantum numbers n,l,m,s. These quantum numbers partly describe an electron in a particular orbital.

in order to specify an electron in an atom completely a fourth quantum number called spin quantum number(s), has been introduced.

Answer 2

Answer:

A quantum number is a value that is used when describing the energy levels available to atoms and molecules. An electron in an atom or ion has four quantum numbers to describe its state and yield solutions to the Schrodinger wave equation for the hydrogen atom.

Four quantum numbers can describe an electron in an atom completely:

Principal quantum number

Azimuthal quantum number

Magnetic quantum number

Spin quantum number

Explanation:

Principal quantum numbers are denoted by the symbol ‘n’. They designate the principal electron shell of the atom. Since the most probable distance between the nucleus and the electrons is described by it, a larger value of the principal quantum number implies a greater distance between the electron and the nucleus (which, in turn, implies a greater atomic size).

The azimuthal (or orbital angular momentum) quantum number describes the shape of a given orbital. It is denoted by the symbol ‘l’ and its value is equal to the total number of angular nodes in the orbital.

Magnetic Quantum Number

The total number of orbitals in a subshell and the orientation of these orbitals are determined by the magnetic quantum number. It is denoted by the symbol ‘ml’. This number yields the projection of the angular momentum corresponding to the orbital along a given axis

Electron Spin Quantum Number

The electron spin quantum number is independent of the values of n, l, and ml. The value of this number gives insight into the direction in which the electron is spinning, and is denoted by the symbol ms.

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