Question

To determine boiling point of 1 m solution of sugar, glucose, urea, sodium chloride, barium chloride, aluminum chloride

Answer 1

Normal boiling point at 1 atm is 100°C.

We assume that the pressure is constant.

Raoults law: ΔT_b = K_b * i * b_solute

K_b = R (T_b)² M / ΔH_v = Ebullioscopic constant (for a solvent)

R: Universal gas constant

T_b = boiling point of pure solvent

M = Molar mass

ΔH_v = Latent Heat of vaporization

K_b = 0.512 °C /molal for water

i = number of solute particles in solution (dissociated ions or single compound) per molecule

b_solute = molality of solute = number of moles of solute/kg of solvent

= 1 given

ANSWER:

For Sugar, Glucose, Urea : i = 1, ΔT_b = 0.512 °C T_b = 100.512°C

For Na Cl : i = 2 (or 1.9) : ΔT_b = 1.024°C, T_b = 101.512 °C

For Ba Cl2 : i = 3 : T_b = 101.536 °C

for Al Cl3 : i = 4 T_b = 102.048°C

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