Question

To increase income , the British made important changes in the _______
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Answer 1

Answer:

Most British people have their main source of income from their employment or self-employment. Retired people will have their state pension and any workplace pension they earned while they were in work. Unemployed and disabled people get benefits at a not-very-generous rate.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

The British made significant adjustments to the revenue structure in order to raise revenue.

The acreage of the land was measured, and the tax was set accordingly.

Cash tax payments were made necessary and required.

One of the main sources of income for British colonists in India was land revenue. During the British era of control in India, there were essentially three different sorts of land revenue policies.

Prior to independence, the nation had three main types of land tenure systems in place:

• The Zamindari System
• The Mahalwari System
• The Ryotwari System

The primary distinction between both systems was to how land revenue was paid.

The Zamindari System:

• Lord Cornwallis established the zamindari system in 1793 through the Permanent Settlement, which guaranteed the members' land rights in perpetuity without making any provisions for fixed rent or an occupancy right for genuine cultivators.
• The intermediaries known as Zamindars were responsible for collecting the land revenue from the farmers under the Zamindari system.
• The government continued to receive 10–11% of the entire land revenue collected by the zamindars, with the remaining portion going to the zamindars.
• West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, UP, Andhra Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh have the highest concentrations of the system.

The Ryotwari System:

• The idea of Permanent Settlement was being abandoned in the British colonies in southern India.
• At the end of the 18th century, Captain Alexander Read and Sir Thomas Munro developed a system that later came to be known as the Ryotwari System.
• Sir Thomas Munro then implemented it while serving as governor of the Madras Presidency (1819–26).
• Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state.
• The individual cultivator Ryot had complete rights to sell, transfer, and lease the land under this arrangement.
• As long as they paid the rent, the ryots could not be driven off their property.
• It was first popularized in Tamil Nadu and spread over most of southern India.

The Mahalwari System:

• The Company executives were certain that the income structure needed to be altered once more by the early 19th century.
• When the company needed more money to cover its operating and administrative costs, the income could not be fixed in place.
• The Mahalwari System was created in 1822 by Englishman Holt Mackenzie in the North Western Provinces of the Bengal Presidency (most of this area is now in Uttar Pradesh).
• The village headmen collected land taxes from farmers under the Mahalwari system on behalf of the entire community (and not the zamindar).
• In order to pay land revenue, the entire hamlet was transformed into a single, larger unit called a "Mahal."

To increase income , the British made important changes in the Revenue system.

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