To measure the volume of a metal bob (the one used in simple pendulum experiments) from the readings of water level in a measuring cylinder using displacement method. Also calculate the same volume from the radius measured using Vernier callipers. Comment on the accuracies.
Answers
Answer:
Answer:
Aim
To measure internal diameter and depth of a given beaker/calorimeter using Vernier Callipers and hence find its volume.
Apparatus
Vernier callipers, a beaker or a calorimeter, magnifying glass.
Theory
(i) For measuring internal diameter and depth. Same as in Experiment 1A.
(ii) For volume:
Volume of beaker or calorimeter = internal area of cross section x depth
Determine the vernier constant (V.C.) i.e., least count of the vernier callipers and record it stepwise.
Bring the movable jaw BD in close contact with the fixed jaw AC and find the zero error. Do it three times and record it. If there is no zero error, then record, zero error nil.
Measurement of internal diameter
Put the jaws C and D inside the beaker or calorimeter and open them till each of them touches the inner wall of the beaker or calorimeter, , without any undue pressure on the walls. Tight the screw attached to the vernier scale gently.
Note the-position of the zero mark of the vernier scale on the main scale. Record the main scale reading just before the zero mark of the vernier scale. This reading (IV) is called main scale reading (M.S.R.).
Note the number (n) of the vernier scale division which coincides with some division of the main scale.
Repeat steps 4 and 5 after rotating the vernier callipers by 90° for measuring internal diameter in a perpendicular direction.
Find total reading and apply zero correction.
Measurement of depth
Keep the edge of the main scale of vernier callipers on its peripheral edge. This should be done in such a way that the tip of the strip is able to go freely inside the beaker along its depth.
Keep sliding the moving jaw of the vernier callipers until the strip just touches the bottom of the beaker. Take care that it is just perpendicular to the bottom surface. Now tighten the screw of the vernier callipers.
Repeat steps 4 and 5 for four different positions along the circumference of the upper edge of the beaker or calorimeter.
Find total reading and apply zero correction.
Take mean of two different values of internal diameter and four different values of the depth.
Calculate the volume by using proper formula and show that in the result with proper unit.
Observations
Determination of Vernier Constant (Least Count) of the vernier callipers
1 M.S.D. = 1 mm 10 V.S.D. = 9 M.S.D.
∴ 1 V.S.D. = 9/10 M.S.D. = 0.9 mm
Vernier constant, V.C. = 1 M.S.D. – 1 V.S.D. = (1 – 0.9) mm
= 0.1 mm = 0.01 cm.
Zero error = (i)……..cm, (ii)……..cm, (iii)……..cm.
Mean zero error (e) =……..cm
Mean zero correction (c) = – (e) =……..cm.
Table for the Internal Diameter (D)
measure-internal-diameter-depth-given-beakercalorimeter-using-vernier-callipers-hence-find-volume-4
Table for the depth (d)
measure-internal-diameter-depth-given-beakercalorimeter-using-vernier-callipers-hence-find-volume-5
Calculations
measure-internal-diameter-depth-given-beakercalorimeter-using-vernier-callipers-hence-find-volume-6
Result
The volume of the beaker/calorimeter is …………cm3.
hope it helps...
.
Explanation:
A vernier scale or a vernier calliper is a measuring device that is used to precisely measure linear dimensions. It is a useful tool to measure spherical and cylindrical objects. It has two main scales known as the main scale and the vernier’s scale, which are divided into small divisions. Both the scales have two jaws that are perpendicular to the scale. The zeroes of the main scale and vernier scale coincide when the jaws are made to touch each other. The jaws and the metallic strips are designed to measure the diameter of objects. In this experiment, we will learn to measure the diameter of a small spherical/cylindrical body using