To prepare a buffer solution with a pH of 5.10, please calculate how many ml of
NaOH solution should be added to 500 ml of HAc solution? (Concentration of both
NaOH and HAc is 0.1 mol/L, pKa (HAc)=4.75.)
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Answer:
Henderson Hasselbalch equation
pH = pKa + log [salt]/[acid]
5.10 = 4.75 + log [Ac-]/[HAc]
log [Ac-]/[HAc] = 0.35
[Ac-]/[HAc] = 2.24
moles HAc present initially = 0.5 L x 0.1 mol/L = 0.05 moles HAc
Let x = moles Ac- and then 0.05 - x = moles HAc after reaction with NaOH (NaOH + HAc => Ac- + H2O)
x/0.05 - x = 2.24
x = 0.0346 moles Ac- = 0.0346 moles NaOH
(x L)(0.1 mol/L) = 0.0346 and x = 0.346 L = 346 mls
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