to what extent was Guru Gobind Singh responsible for the transformation of the peace loving sikhs into a Martial race ?
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Answer:
The history of Sikhism started with Guru Nanak Dev Ji. He was the first Guru of the fifteenth century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699.[1] The latter baptised five persons from different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first five, Pure Ones, then baptised Gobind Singh ji into the Khalsa fold.[2] This gives the order of Khalsa, a history of around 300 years.
The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab and the socio-political situation in 16th-century Northwestern Indian subcontinent. Since the Mughal rule of India by Emperor Jahangir (1605-1707), Sikhism was in conflict with its laws, because they were affecting political successions of Mughals while cherishing saints from Islam. Many prominent Sikhs were killed by Mughal rulers for refusing to their orders,[3] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs.[4] Of total 10 Sikh gurus,[5][6][7][8][9] two gurus themselves were tortured and executed (Guru Arjan Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur),[10][11] and close kins of several gurus brutally killed (such as the 6- and 9-year old sons of Guru Gobind Singh),[12][13] along with numerous other main revered figures of Sikhism were tortured and killed (such as Banda Bahadur, Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala),[9][12][13] by Mughal rulers for refusing to their orders,[3][5][13][12] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs and Hindus.[4][11][6][9] Subsequently, Sikhism militarised to oppose Mughal hegemony. The emergence of the Sikh Confederacy under the misls and Sikh Empire under reign of the Maharajah Ranjit Singh was characterised by religious tolerance and pluralism with Christians, Muslims and Hindus in positions of power. The establishment of the Sikh Empire is commonly considered the zenith of Sikhism at political level,[14] during this time the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. A number of Muslim and Hindu peasants converted to Sikhism.[15] Hari Singh Nalwa, the Commander-in-chief of the Sikh army along the North West Frontier, took the boundary of the Sikh Empire to the very mouth of the Khyber Pass. The Empire's secular administration integrated innovative military, economic and governmental reforms.
The months leading up to the partition of India in 1947, saw heavy conflict in the Punjab between Sikh and Muslims, which saw the effective religious migration of Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus from West Punjab which mirrored a similar religious migration of Punjabi Muslims in East Punjab. At present, the majority of Sikhs live in the Punjab state of India.
Explanation:
Answer:
The history of Sikhism started with Guru Nanak Dev Ji. He was the first Guru of the fifteenth century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699.[1] The latter baptised five persons from different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first five, Pure Ones, then baptised Gobind Singh ji into the Khalsa fold.[2] This gives the order of Khalsa, a history of around 300 years.
The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab and the socio-political situation in 16th-century Northwestern Indian subcontinent. Since the Mughal rule of India by Emperor Jahangir (1605-1707), Sikhism was in conflict with its laws, because they were affecting political successions of Mughals while cherishing saints from Islam. Many prominent Sikhs were killed by Mughal rulers for refusing to their orders,[3] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs.[4] Of total 10 Sikh gurus,[5][6][7][8][9] two gurus themselves were tortured and executed (Guru Arjan Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur),[10][11] and close kins of several gurus brutally killed (such as the 6- and 9-year old sons of Guru Gobind Singh),[12][13] along with numerous other main revered figures of Sikhism were tortured and killed (such as Banda Bahadur, Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala),[9][12][13] by Mughal rulers for refusing to their orders,[3][5][13][12] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs and Hindus.[4][11][6][9] Subsequently, Sikhism militarised to oppose Mughal hegemony. The emergence of the Sikh Confederacy under the misls and Sikh Empire under reign of the Maharajah Ranjit Singh was characterised by religious tolerance and pluralism with Christians, Muslims and Hindus in positions of power. The establishment of the Sikh Empire is commonly considered the zenith of Sikhism at political level,[14] during this time the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. A number of Muslim and Hindu peasants converted to Sikhism.[15] Hari Singh Nalwa, the Commander-in-chief of the Sikh army along the North West Frontier, took the boundary of the Sikh Empire to the very mouth of the Khyber Pass. The Empire's secular administration integrated innovative military, economic and governmental reforms.
The months leading up to the partition of India in 1947, saw heavy conflict in the Punjab between Sikh and Muslims, which saw the effective religious migration of Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus from West Punjab which mirrored a similar religious migration of Punjabi Muslims in East Punjab. At present, the majority of Sikhs live in the Punjab state of India.
Explanation: