To write all the important point of lesson.
1) Weather, climate & adaptation of animals 2) Wine vorm & oya
mals is found in.
antry.the
storm & cydones.
Answers
Answer:
Weather, climate & adaptation of animals
Weather
The day-to-day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed, etc. is called as the weather at that place.
The weather is generally not the same on any two day, two weeks or even months.
The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon while the minimum temperature occurs early in the morning.
The timing of sunrise and sunset is also change during the year because of the change in climate.
All the changes in the whether are given by the sun.
Rain gauge: Rainfall is measured by an instrument called the rain gauge..It is basically a measuring cylinder with a funnel on top collect rain water.
Elements of the weather: The temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed and other factors are called the elements of the weather.
Maximum and minimum temperature thermometers: Maximum and minimum temperature in a day are recorded by special thermometers called maximum and minimum thermometers.
Climate
The average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, called the climate of the place.
Mean temperature for a given month: The mean temperature for a given month is found in two steps. First we find the average of the temperatures recorded during in month. Second we calculate the average of such average temperatures over many years.
Different climates in India:
Northern regions of Himalayas: Cold and moderately wet.
Plains: moderately hot and wet.
South: Very hot and wet
Western region e.g., Rajasthan: Hot and dry.
North-eastern: Wet.
Climate and Adaptation
Some of the features and habit of the animals, help them to made some change in it to survive in the surrounding, this is call adaptation.
The tropical and the polar regions are the two regions of the earth, which have severe climatic conditions.
Animal are adapted to the conditions in which they live.
Polar region: The polar regions are very cold throughout the year. The sun does not set for six months in a year and in the other six months it does not rise.
Animal in the polar region are adapted to the extremely cold climate by having some special characteristics such as a while fur, strong sense of smell, a layer of fat under the skin, wide and large paws swimming and walking, etc.
Migration is another means to escape from the harsh, cold conditions if adaptation is not possible.
Because of the hospitable climatic conditions huge populations of plants and animals are found in the tropical rainforests.
Animals in tropical rainforests are adapted in such way that they eat different kinds of food to overcome the competition for food and shelter.
Some of the adaptive features of animals living in the tropical rainforests include: living on the trees, development of strong tails, long and large beaks, bright colours, sharp patterns, loud voice, diet of fruits, sensitive hearing, sharp eyesight, thick skin, ability to camouflage in order protect themselves from predators, etc.
Humidity: Presence of the moisture in air is called humidity.
Tropical region: The tropical region has generally a hot and wet climate because of its location around the equator, so this region gets plenty of rain during the year.
wind
storms and cyclone
Important Points:
Wind: Moving air is called wind.
Air exerts pressure.
Air expands on heating.
Warm air is lighter and rises up.
Air moves from high pressure to low pressure.
Air Current: Movement of air from high pressure zone to low pressure zone creates air current.
Uneven heating on land creates air current.
Air moves from 0-30° north and from 0-30° south towards equator.
Land gets heated as well as loses heat faster than water.
Monsoon: The flow of air from ocean towards land in summer is called Monsoon or Monsoon wind.
Monsoon winds carry vapour which falls over the land in the form of rain after cooling down.
In India harvest is depend on monsoon wind, which brings rain.
Thunderstorm: Rain with lightning is called thunderstorm. This happens mostly in the summer.
Thunderstorm occurs frequently in hot and humid tropical areas, such as India.
Cyclone: Fast moving air towards a circle usually with heavy rain is known as cyclone.
Wind direction, wind speed, humidity and temperature together creates cyclone.
Eye: Centre of cyclone is known as eye.
Tornadoes: Tornadoes are the very fast moving dark cloud in the shape of funnel. Tornadoes may form within cyclones.
The speed of violent tornadoes may be up to 300km.
Tornadoes are as destructive as cyclone.
Anemometer: An instrument which measures the speed of wind.