Toluene is oxidised with chromyl chloride with mechanism
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Answer:
The Étard reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the direct oxidation of an aromatic or heterocyclic bound methyl group to an aldehyde using chromyl chloride. For example, toluene can be oxidized to benzaldehyde. It is named for the French chemist Alexandre Léon Étard (5 January 1852, Alençon – 1 May 1910).
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Answer:
The Étard reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the direct oxidation of an aromatic or heterocyclic bound methyl group to an aldehyde using chromyl chloride. For example, toluene can be oxidized to benzaldehyde. It is named for the French chemist Alexandre Léon Étard (5 January 1852, Alençon – 1 May 1910).
An end reaction with chromyl chloride forming a precipitated Etard Complex is the first step of this mechanism.
Etard Reaction
The precipitated Etard complex is decomposed (Purification of the precipitate before decomposition gives highly pure aldehyde product) by a [2,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement (A pericyclic reaction where the end result is that one Sigma bond is changed to another sigma bond via an uncatalyzed intramolecular process). Reducing conditions provided by saturated aqueous sodium sulphite prevent further oxidation of the Etard complex into a carboxylic acid. Carbon tetrachloride is the most common solvent used in this process.
Etard Reaction
This reaction provides a very easy method for the oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde which is utilized to add an almond flavour to foods and some cosmetic products, making it a valuable chemical. However, due to the sigmatropic rearrangement, obtaining aldehyde products from reagents other than toluene may prove difficult.