Topic: Number Theory
Q. (a) A caesar shift cipher key is exchanged using the Diffie-Hellman method with parameters (p, g) = ( 47, 3 ).
Eve sees Alice send Bob the number X = 38 and sees Bob send Alice the number Y= 3. Determine the key.
(b) Assume that the alphabet is the usual alphabet with space as the 27th character.
Suppose Eve sees Alice send Bob the encrypted message "VJKUBKUBURCTVC". Using the key found in (a), decrypt this message.
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Usually the process is conducted on a brine (an aqueous solution of NaCl), in which case NaOH, hydrogen, and chlorine result. When using calcium chloride or potassium chloride, the products contain calcium or potassium instead of sodium. Related processes are known that use molten NaCl to give chlorine and sodium metal or condensed hydrogen chloride to give hydrogen and chlorine.
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