Topic: The Mughal Dynasty 2
1. Why do you think sad words were written on Nur Jehan's tomb?
2. In what ways did Nur Jehan influence the zenana of her time?
3. What made Shah Jehan's Peacock Throne unique? 4. Write any two of Shah Jehan's religious policies.
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Answers
Answer:
1.Because I think he faced several problems in his life
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries
Explanation:
1) The only woman with a non-imperial lineage to acquire the stature of an empress, Nur Jahan sought to inscribe on her tomb in Lahore "On the grave of this poor stranger, "let there be neither lamp nor rose". Let neither "butterfly’s wing burn" nor "nightingale sing" To those who have re-written memory, this epitaph is an unparalleled discovery of her generosity. Maybe history was not as generous to her as it was to her comrades. Nur Jahan was always willing to support children, beggars and poor people in her life. She often got involved to shield peasants from persecution or provincial taxes. The Empress sponsored orphan girls' marriages and an inexpensive wedding dress Nur Mahali, even today used by brides of poorer families.
2) Nur Jahan was thought of as middle-aged at the time of her marriage. However, within nine years Nur Jahan gained all the rights to the emperor 's rule and authority and was practically the emperor's dictator until 1627 when the emperor died.The key to her success was Jahangir's adoration of Nur Jahan above everyone else in his vast zanana (women's quarters within the court). Jahangir needed Nur to help maintain his health and help him rule.
The emperor 's massive "Zanana", was also ruled by Nur Jahan, which hosted hundreds of people, including the ladies of Jahangir, ladies in attendance, mistresses, servants & slaves, woman soldiers, spies, entertainers, crafts people, visiting relatives, & all the children belonging to the women. Nur Jehan had profoundly influenced the zanana's tastes in fashions, cosmetics, & food, artistic expression. She spend a great deal of money experimenting with new perfumes, hair supplements, jewellery, brocades, silks, porcelain & other accessories. Courtyard fashions, heavily influenced by Persian tradition, started to mix with local styles. The attire of women was updated considering hot weather. As Nur Jahan came from a poetry line, she also wrote naturally, & encouraged this amongst the women in the zanana. Poetry competitions were held & often the Empress, sponsored favorite female poets from outside the palace, such as the Persian poet "Mehri".
3) The Peacock Throne is a sight to see, a silk-canopied golden throne covered with expensive jewels. Completed in the 17th century for emperor Shah Jahan,and reminds one of the of the extravagance of the mid-century Mughal ruler of India. Shah Jahan directed "jewel-encrusted gold throne" to be placed on a pedestal in the court-room to look above the audience and at the same time to be closer to God. The prominent feature of the Peacock Throne was that amongst the hundreds of pearls, emeralds, rubies, & other jewels ornamented in the Peacock Throne, was the "186-carat Kohinoor diamond" that the British later took away with it after years of its rule in India
While the piece lasted only for a brief period, the legacy of the piece remains one of the most ornate & famous royal properties in the history of this nation. A reliquary from the Golden Age of Mughal, it was originally lost and re-classified until the "competing dynasties & empires" ruined it for ever.
4) Shah Jahan had displayed fanatism during his early years of reign. He stopped Sizda's custom (salutes the emperor by sitting on the ground), refused the Hindus the chance to keep Muslim Slaves, levied pilgrim tax on the Hindus, but soon after abolished it, and stopped the Hindu festivals in court. Temples were destroyed during his rule at Allahabad, Banaras, Kashmir, & Gujarat.
In the seventh year of his rule, Shah Jahan had ordered the Hindus who would follow Islam to obtain their property share directly from their father's immediately. During his entire rule, Shah Jahan encouraged conversion to Islam. War-captives have been turned into Islam, culprits who embraced Islam were released, Hindu women were compelled to adopt Islam before marrying Muslims, and death was a penalty for those who did not honor the Quran or the Prophet Muhammad.
Shah Jahan however refused to follow religious discrimination policies. His commitment to supporting Islam was gradually decreased and most of his regulations during the later period of his rule were not being enforced. In the latter time of its reign the demolition of Hindu temples was halted and Muslims' conversion to Hinduism and Sikhism was neglected.
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