Topic;: Write about the childhood days of Dr. Nelson Mandela and his involvement in the historic movement against the Apartheid system in South Africa. (Words Limit: 200)
Answers
Answer:
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionesman and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as the president of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.
His Excellency
Nelson Mandela
SBG SBS CLS DMG MMS
Portrait photograph of a 76-year-old President Mandela
Mandela in Washington, D.C., 1994
1st President of South Africa
In office
10 May 1994 – 16 June 1999
Deputy
Mbeki
F. W. de Klerk
Preceded by
F. W. de Klerk (State Pres.)
Succeeded by
Mbeki
11th President of the
African National Congress
In office
7 July 1991 – 20 December 1997
Deputy
Walte
19th Secretary General of the
Non-Aligned Movement
In office
2 September 1998 – 16 June 1999
Preceded by
Andrés Pastrana Arango
Succeeded by
Thabo Mbeki
Personal details
Born
Rolihlahla Mandela
18 July 1918
Mvezo, Cape Province, Union of South Africa (now Eastern Cape)
Died
5 December 2013 (aged 95)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, Republic of South Africa
Resting place
Mandela Graveyard
Qunu, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Political party
African National Congress
Other political
affiliations
South African Communist
Spouse(s)
Evelyn Ntoko Mase
(m. 1944; div. 1958)
Winnie Madikizela
(m. 1958; div. 1996)
Graça Machel (m. 1998)
Children
7, including Makgatho, Makaziwe, Zenani, Zindziswa and Josina (step-daughter)
Parents
Nosekeni Fanny (mother)
Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (father)
Alma mater
University of Fort Hare
University of London
University of South Africa
University of the Witwatersrand
Occupation
Activist politician philanthropist lawyer
Known for
Internal resistance to apartheid
Awards
Sakharov Prize (1988)
Bharat Ratna (1990)
Nishan-e-Pakistan (1992)
Nobel Peace Prize (1993)
Lenin Peace Prize (1990)
Presidential Medal of Freedom
(more...)
Website
Official website
Nickname(s)
Madiba Dalibunga
Writing career
Notable works
Long Walk to Free
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918, into a royal family of the Xhosa-speaking Thembu tribe in the South African village of Mvezo, where his father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa (c. 1880-1928), served as chief. His mother, Nosekeni Fanny, was the third of Mphakanyiswa’s four wives, who together bore him nine daughters and four sons. After the death of his father in 1927, 9-year-old Mandela—then known by his birth name, Rolihlahla—was adopted by Jongintaba Dalindyebo, a high-ranking Thembu regent who began grooming his young ward for a role within the tribal leadership.
The first in his family to receive a formal education, Mandela completed his primary studies at a local missionary school. There, a teacher dubbed him Nelson as part of a common practice of giving African students English names. He went on to attend the Clarkebury Boarding Institute and Healdtown, a Methodist secondary school, where he excelled in boxing and track as well as academics. In 1939 Mandela entered the elite University of Fort Hare, the only Western-style higher learning institute for South African blacks at the time. The following year, he and several other students, including his friend and future business partner Oliver Tambo (1917-1993), were sent home for participating in a boycott against university policies.
After learning that his guardian had arranged a marriage for him, Mandela fled to Johannesburg and worked first as a night watchman and then as a law clerk while completing his bachelor’s degree by correspondence. He studied law at the University of Witwatersrand, where he became involved in the movement against racial discrimination and forged key relationships with black and white activists. In 1944, Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) and worked with fellow party members, including Oliver Tambo, to establish its youth league, the ANCYL. That same year, he met and married his first wife, Evelyn Ntoko Mase (1922-2004), with whom he had four children before their divorce in 1957.