Trade and market in maharashtra
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Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra is considered the financial capital of India with the headquarters of almost all major banks, financial institutions, insurance companies and mutual funds being based in the city. India's largest stock exchange Bombay Stock Exchange, the oldest in Asia, is also located in the city. More than 41% of the S&P CNX 500 conglomerates have corporate offices in Maharashtra.
Maharashtra is India's leading industrial state contributing 13% of national industrial output. Almost 46% of the GSDP is contributed by industry. Maharashtra has software parks in many cities around the state, and is the second largest exporter of software with annual exports over ₹ 80,000 crores.[8]
Although highly industrialized, agriculture continues to be the main occupation in many regions of the state.64.14% of the people are employed in agriculture and allied activities.[9]:18
As part of its sustainability efforts, the state has started a project for the identification of suitable plantation sites for Jatropha, a drought resistance plant.[10][11] The village of Ralegaon Siddhi in Ahmednagar District is heralded as a sustainable model of village development.
Mumbai is the major port in Maharashtra, which led to flourishing trade and industrial development since 17th century A.D. Major national highways, railways pass through state, aiding in fast movement of goods and people. The state has also added to the road network connecting district places to major trading ports and cities. Mumbai, Pune and Nagpur are the major airports in the state. Mumbai's Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport was recorded as the busiest single runway airport in the world. Two new airports, one each in Navi Mumbai and Pune are proposed to be constructed.
Energy production Edit
Current functioning units of Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station
Chandrapur Super Thermal Power Station, the state's power production source
Although its population makes Maharashtra one of the country's largest energy users,[14][15] conservation mandates, mild weather in the largest population centres and strong environmental movements have kept its per capita energy use to one of the smallest of any Indian state.[16] The high electricity demand of the state constitutes 13% of the total installed electricity generation capacity in India, which is mainly from fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. There are large coal production facilities in Chandrapur district.[17] The Vidarbha region of the state is known to have significant coal reserves.[18] Mumbai High ,the offshore oilfield 165 kilometres (103 mi) off the coast of Mumbai accounted for a significant percentage crude oil production in India.[19][20][21]
Nuclear and renewable sources such as Hydroelectricity, Wind, solar, and biomass make a smaller contribution to electricity generation capability in the state.[22]
As of 2012, Maharashtra was the largest power generating state in India, with installed electricity generation capacity of 26,838 MW.[15] The state forms a major constituent of the western grid of India, which now comes under the North, East, West and North Eastern (NEWNE) grids of India.[14] Maharashtra Power Generation Company (MAHAGENCO) operates thermal power plants.[23] In addition to the state government-owned power generation plants, there are privately owned power generation plants that transmit power through the Maharashtra State Electricity Transmission Company, which is responsible for transmission of electricity in the state.[24]
There are a number of dams, particularly in western Maharashtra districts of Pune, Satara and Kolhapur which produce hydroelectricity. The state also has a good potential for wind generated electricity, and is one of the leading states in generating wind power.[25]
Mahavitaran is responsible for distribution of electricity throughout the state by buying power from Mahanirmiti, captive power plants, other state electricity boards and private sector power generation companies.[16]
Agriculture Edit
Sorghum farm at Chinawal village in Maharashtra
Sugarcane weighing at a Cooperative Sugar mill in Maharashtra, India.
Ploughing in Yavatmal district
Historically, India has classified and tracked its economy and GDP in three sectors: agriculture, industry, and services. Agriculture includes crops, horticulture, milk and animal husbandry, aquaculture, fishing, sericulture, aviculture, forestry, and related activities.[26][27]
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