Tribe Marriage System.
Answers
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Marriage is a social institution and marriage and family are complementary concepts. As such marriage is found in almost all societies. Without marriage one cannot think of a family.”Marriage is,” say Beals and Hoijar, “a set of cultural patterns to sanction parenthood and to provide a stable background for the care and rearing of children.”
The Tribal Marriages can be classified into the following types:
1. Monogamy..
In this type of marriage one man married to one woman or one woman marries one man. The husband and wife may or may not be (usually not) related to each other before marriage, most of the Indian tribes practise monogamy.
2. Polygamy:
It is the marriage of one person with more than one person of the opposite sex.
It has two sub types:
(a) Polygyny.
(b) Polyandry.
(a) Polygyny:
In this type of marriage one man marries to several women. The husband and wives may or may not be related to each other before marriage. Wives may be related among themselves. When the wives are related to each other as sisters it is called as sororal polygyny. If they are not related as sisters, it is called non-sororal polygyny. Polygyny is found among the Naga tribes, the Gond, the Baiga and the Toda. It is also found among the Lushai, Juang and the Kondh.
Polygyny is practiced among the tribals due to several reasons. First of all, it is practiced due to the imbalance of the sex ratio, where women outnumber men. The second reason is that the practice of polygyny accords higher status and prestige. This is the reason why the tribal chiefs keep many wives. Thirdly the tribals like the Lushai or the Gonds practise polygyny. So that a number of wives and their children will provide the husband with free and reliable labour.
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