Trigonometric functions of some specific angles with proof
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Trigonometric Ratios of 30° and 60°
Let ABC be an equilateral triangle whose sides have length a (see the figure given below). Draw AD perpendicular to BC, then D bisects the side BC.
Then,
BD = DC = a/2
∠BAD = ∠DAC = 30°
Now, in right triangle ADB, ∠BAD = 30° and BD = a/2.
In right triangle ADB, by Pythagorean theorem,
AB2 = AD2 + BD2
a2 = AD2 + (a/2)2
a2 - (a2/4) = AD2
3a²/4 = AD2
√(3a2/4) = AD
√3 ⋅ a/2 = m AD
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