Question

Twins have same DNA or not ?
if same, then how can we differentiate them ?
Explain Properly!

Answer 1

Thanks for this interesting question.

To answer this question, Lets first understand how twins are produced.

We all know that when an egg is fertilised by the sperm, a zygote is formed and the zygote grows to form a baby.

Now, it might happens, that instead of one egg, two eggs are present and each of these eggs are fertilised by two different sperms, forming two zygote and each of them develops into baby. Such twins are called as FRATERNAL TWINS. They are born together at the same time and are thus called as twins. But they don't have identical DNA.

Now, lets consider a second scenario, there is only one egg present. This egg as usual is fertilised by one sperm. But due to some changes, they split apart. After they split apart, each of the half continues to grow to form a baby. So, we have two babies, which came from one fertilised egg. Such twins are called as IDENTICAL TWINS. Since, they came from the same zygote, they do have similar DNA but are not identical because each of them develop differently and undergo major developmental (genetic translations) changes differently. Therefore, even though they are similar (sharing common set of genes), they are completely not identical (having exactly same set of genes).

Also, since they change during the developmental process, they do not have same fingerprints.

Just to add more insight to this, human share more than 99% of the same DNA. Even a slight change in the replication and post transcriptional process result in a entirely different characteristic.

Answer 2

A very good Question.

Twins : When two young once takes birth at a same time by single mother then both young once are called as Twins.

Besically twins are of two types :

1. Monozygotic Twins :

- Monozygotic twins are produced when an ovum is fertilised by a sperm. In this condition a sperm fertilises with an ovum to form a zygote. Now this formed zygote splits into two due to some reason. Both parts grow individually and converts into two seperate young once. Due to development from same zygote both individual have same Genotype i.e; DNA but their physical appearance may be different because physical appearance depends upon different enviromental, physiological and other conditions. Such twins are known as Identical Twins.

2. Dizygotic Twins :

- Dizygotic Twins are formed when two ova fertilises seperately by two sperms. Such conditions can be seen in females showing Hyperovulation condition. Due to Hyperovulation two ova releases from ovary of a female. Now, both ova fertilises seperately by two seperate sperms due to which two zygotes are formed. Each zygote develops into two separate individuals. Because of having two different zygotes the Genetic combination in both individuals are also different. So, Both have different Genotype i.e; Different DNA. These twins are also known as Farternal Twins.

Thanks !!!

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