Question

Two chemicals having same chemical formula but different arrangement of atoms are called

Answer 1

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▪Isomers are two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the molecule and different properties. In organic chemistry, these isomers can differ in the position of the functional group, or the arrangement of atoms in the spatial frame. There are two types of Isomers:

▪Structural isomers
▪Stereoisomers
▪Structural Isomerism

><Isomerism where isomers have atoms and functional groups joined together in different ways.

><Chain isomers: Isomers whose hydrocarbon structure have a variable amount of branching while preserving the molecular formula.

▪Example:-
2-methylpropane and butane

><Position isomers: Isomers where the position of the function group varies on the chain.

▪ Example:-

2-bromopentane and 3-bromopentane

><Functional group isomers: Isomers whose function groups differ but the molecular formula remain the same.

▪Example:-
propanol and methoxyethane

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Answer 2

two chamicals having same chemical formula but different arrangement of atoms is called constitutional isomerism
4 types
1) chain isomerism
having same molecular formula but different carbon chain
eg: n butane and iso butane
2) position isomerism
having same molecular formula, same chain and same functional group but having different position of functional group attached.
eg : 1 propanol and 2 propanol
3) functional group isomerism
having same molecular formula but different functional group
eg: ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether
4) metamerism
heving same molecular formula but different alkyl groups attached to same multivalent atom
eg: dimethyl ether and methyl propyl ether

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