two conflicts Indian society facing
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Its population has grown 20% per decade, leading to problems that include food deficits, sanitation deterioration, and pollution. Although economic growth numbers look promising, the living standards of most citizens are not changing.
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Two conflicts Indian society facing
- India is a land of a million mutinies, as the writer V.S.Naipaul put it. Perhaps our democracy has survived because we have a million rebellions and not merely one or two. I was reminded of this some years ago when I visited Rwanda, just after the genocide. A young Rwandan intellectual, who was discussing with me said: “Since you have so many religions, castes and languages you have to deal with multiple conflicts. Maybe this makes things a little easier, since society is not polarized between just two groups. In Rwanda we have just the Tutsis and the Hutus, and this becomes a fundamental polarization.”
- Nevertheless, the million rebellions we have in India bring with it its own toll of suffering and anguish. The causes of social conflict in India are economic, social, religious and political. Economically, India is one of the poorest countries, despite claims of being the second fastest growing economy in the world. The government figures state that about 250 million people live with less than 25 US cents a day. Non-governmental studies show that the figure may be much higher. One study says that about 500 million people earn less than 25 US cents a day.
- Naturally, this situation of extreme poverty, coupled with a corrupt and inefficient developmental process, make people easy targets for recruitment into extremist movements and activities. Some time ago the prime minister of India referred to the maoist movements as the single biggest internal security threat. Right now there is considerable debate in the country about how to deal with these maoist movements. Every now and then there are media reports of Maoists beheading a police constable, or attacking the police or para-military forces, or even innocent citizens. Leading political parties feel that the state must deal ruthlessly with these rebels. There are even calls for the army to be used against them in a big way.
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