Question

two examples of DNA fingerprinting​

Answer 1

Answer:

samples of DNA from different sources — for example, from a hair left behind at the crime scene and from the blood of victims and suspects.

Answer 2

Explanation:

DNA fingerprinting, also called DNA typing, DNA profiling, genetic fingerprinting, genotyping, or identity testing, in genetics, method of isolating and identifying variable elements within the base-pair sequence of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The technique was developed in 1984 by British geneticist Alec Jeffreys, after he noticed that certain sequences of highly variable DNA (known as minisatellites), which do not contribute to the functions of genes, are repeated within genes. Jeffreys recognized that each individual has a unique pattern of minisatellites (the only exceptions being multiple individuals from a single zygote, such as identical twins).

In DNA fingerprinting, fragments of DNA are separated on a gel using a technique called electrophoresis. This creates a pattern that can be analyzed and that is unique to each individual, with the exception of identical twins.

In DNA fingerprinting, fragments of DNA are separated on a gel using a technique called electrophoresis.

Learn how to DNA fingerprint using agarose gel, Southern blotting, and a radioactive DNA probe

DNA is extracted, treated with restriction enzymes, and sequenced using gel electrophoresis to create a genetic fingerprint.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

The procedure for creating a DNA fingerprint consists of first obtaining a sample of cells, such as skin, hair, or blood cells, which contain DNA. The DNA is extracted from the cells and purified. In Jeffreys’s original approach, which was based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technology, the DNA was then cut at specific points along the strand with proteins known as restriction enzymes. The enzymes produced fragments of varying lengths that were sorted by placing them on a gel and then subjecting the gel to an electric current (electrophoresis): the shorter the fragment, the more quickly it moved toward the positive pole (anode). The sorted double-stranded DNA fragments were then subjected to a blotting technique in which they were split into single strands and transferred to a nylon sheet. The fragments underwent autoradiography in which they were exposed to DNA probes—pieces of synthetic DNA that were made radioactive and that bound to the minisatellites. A piece of X-ray film was then exposed to the fragments, and a dark mark was produced at any point where a radioactive probe had become attached.

An early use of DNA fingerprinting was in legal disputes, notably to help solve crimes and to determine paternity.