Types of corrosion.
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There are five general types of corrosion:
- Galvanic,
- Stress cracking,
- General,
- Localized
- Caustic agent corrosion.
Galvanic corrosion - Galvanic corrosion is an electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially when it is in electrical contact with another, in the presence of an electrolyte. A similar galvanic reaction is exploited in primary cells to generate a useful electrical voltage to power portable devices.
Stress cracking - Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is the growth of crack formation in a corrosive environment. It can lead to unexpected sudden failure of normally ductile metal alloys subjected to a tensile stress, especially at elevated temperature.
General - General corrosion is the most common form of corrosion and is also called uniform corrosion where the electrochemical reactions (in aqueous or atmospheric media) proceed uniformly over the entire exposed metal surface over a large area.
Localized - Localized corrosion is defined as the selective removal of metal by corrosion at small areas or zones on a metal surface in contact with a corrosive environment, usually a liquid. It usually takes place when small local sites are attacked at a much higher rate than the rest of the original surface.
Caustic - Caustic corrosion is a type of corrosion that occurs in metal equipment (e.g., boilers) in certain environmental operating conditions that have a high pH water level, resulting in an operating medium that is highly alkalized (i.e., a high concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as caustic soda).