Question

Types of Immunity.Please explain​

Answer 1

Answer:

Humans have three types of immunity — innate, adaptive, and passive: Innate immunity: Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection

Answer 2

Types of Immunity:-

Based on the nature of response immunity is mainly of two types :-

1. Innate Immunity
2. Acquired Immunity

Innate Immunity:-

• The inborn resistance to diseases hosted by all the living organisms is called Innate Immunity.
• It is a non specific type of defense.and does not depend on prior contact with the micro organisms.
• This is executed by providing difenret types of barriers like:

A)Physical barriers:- Skin and mucous membranes are the main physical barriers . skin prevents the entry of microorganisms whereas the mucous membranes help in trapping the microbes entering our body .

B)Physiological Barriers:- Secretions how to body like HCL in the stomach saliva in the mouth tears from the eyes are the main psychological barriers against microbes .

C)Cellular Barriers:- Certain types of self like polymorphic nuclear leukocytes Mona fighter natural killer cells in the blood as well as macrophages in the tissues on the main cellular barriers .The phagocytose and destroy the microbes .

D)Cytokine barriers:- The cytokines is secreted by the immune cell or involved in different situation of the cells of immune system and protect the non infected cells from further information .

Acquired Immunity:-

• The immunological resistance developed by an individual throughout the life after the birth in known as acquired immunity or adaptive immunity .
• It is pathogen specific and depends on prayer contact with the infectious microorganisms .
• Hence it is characterised by immunological memory.

It again two types:-

1)Active acquired immunity:- The immunological register developed by the organism to the production of antibodies in their body is called active immunity it is a lifetime immunity but it is slow and takes time to show its fully effective response .

2)Passive acquired Immunity:- The immunological resistance developed by an organism due to the transfer of readymade antibodies is called passive acquired immunity.

Note:-

Saliva , Tears , Sweat contain Lysozyme which can digest the bacterial cell walls.

Oil and sweat of skin have pH range of 3-5 making skin an effective inhibitor of microbial growth.