Question

Ullected: 14 marks each)
Explain the reaction of sodium carbonate with hydrochloric acid by drawing the
diagram​

Answer 1

Solution:

When dilute HCl, which is an acid is added to sodium carbonate, which is a strong base. They both react to produce sodium chloride and brisk effervescence occurs due to the evolution of carbon dioxide.

Reaction:

• Na₂CO₃ (s) + 2HCl (aq) ➛ 2NaCl (aq) + CO₂ (g)↑ + H₂O (l)

Procedure:

• Take a round-bottomed flask with a 1 gram of solid sodium carbonate with some distilled water.

• Take a double bore coke, a thistle funnel fitted and a delivery tube.

• Close the mouth of the flask with the double bore coke and fit thistle funnel to one end of a coke and a delivery tube to the other. The other end of the delivery tube is inserted into a beaker containing lime water.

• Now, add 2 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid to it.

Observation:

• Sodium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
• We will observe that colourless, odourless gas is liberated which is carbon dioxide, neither is combustible in nature nor the supporter of combustion.
• Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky which is present in the beaker.

Conclusion:

• The blue litmus turns red when hydrochloric acid is added.
• Hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate to form sodium chloride and carbon dioxide gas is liberated with an effervescence.

Diagram:

• Refer the attachment.

_______________________________