Under a weak ruler becomes powerful give reason
Answers
Explanation:
After ruling successfully for 3 centuries, during the last decade of the 17th century- the Mughal Empire started going towards its decline phase. And by the beginning of the 18th century,the empire almost lost its base at the central level and regional level as well as not only the political boundaries of the empire shrink but the decline also saw the collapse of the administrative structure terribly.
However, the process of decline and the emergence of the regional politics have been intensily debated among historians. It has also been a subject on which scholarly opinions is more sharply divided then any other aspects of the Mughal history. The first set of historians who precisely worked on the Mughal history from 1960–80s for instance, William Irvine and Jadunath Sarkar gave the argument that Aurangzeb's religious policy and weak characters of tge Mughal emperor were the main reasons behind the decline of the Mughal Empire.
But the second set of historians like Satish Chandra, M.Athur Ali and few other modern historians categorically rejected the previous argument of Irvine and Sarkar. And on the basis of new research and analysis they gave the new argument that the crisis in the Jagirdari System and a few more adminstrative weakness were the main reasons behind the decline of the Mughal Empire. They also said that Aurangzeb's religious policy need to be re-examine carefully without any biasness and the emperor should not be held responsible for the decline of the empire.
Broadly there are four and five reasons for the decline of Mughal Empire:-
1)Crisis in Jagirdari System
According to Satish Chandra, M Athur Ali and Nurul Hasan the decline of empire due to growing number of jagirdars and over the periods the way the became so powerful and caused the crisis in Jagirdari System.
Due to Jagirdari System, the income of the state got reduce. Similarly, jagirdars were only interested in collection of their revenue from Jagirs but they didn't took any interest to improve the production. Infact they became burden on peasantry class as peasants were forced to pay more taxes to fullfill their increasing demands. The growing number of noble class and Aurangzeb's Deccan policies made the situation more complex and critical as nobles started fighting to get good jagirs in South India and that's how the jagirdari system played a very crucial role in tge decline of the Mughal Empire.