Question

Unique nature of RNA.Give in detail.Its important for my project.

Answer 1

Thanks for the question

The two types of nucleic acids present in a cell are:---RNA and DNA.
          Both are nucleic acids, and, along with lipids, proteins and carbohydrates, constitute the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life.

1. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) - Single stranded in nature. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone. A nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate.
                                              While the sugar present in a RNA molecule is ribose, the sugar present in a molecule of DNA is deoxyribose. RNA undergoes translation process to form protein and this synthesis takes place in the ribosomes. It helps in the genetic coding of amino acids. RNA is of three types -
mRNA----messenger Ribo Nucleic acid
tRNA------transfer Ribo Nucleic acid
rRNA------ribosomal Ribo Nucleic acid

           
RNA expands the quantity of a given protein that can be made at one time from one given gene. The central dogma of molecular biology suggests that the primary role of RNA is to convert the information stored in DNA into proteins

2.  Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Double stranded in nature. DNA is a long polymer with deoxyriboses and phosphate backbone. While the sugar present in a RNA molecule is ribose, the sugar present in a molecule of DNA is deoxyribose. DNA undergoes transcription to form RNA in the "central dogma of life". DNA carries out synthesis of new strands, repair and recombination also. It is the carrier of hereditary characters called traits or genes from one generation to another.

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