Unit 4: Solubility Product and its Applications
1.In a saturated solution of electrolyte, the ionic product of their concentration are constant at constant temperature and this constant for electrolyte is known as
a) Ionic product
b) Solubility product
c) Ionization Constant
d) Dissociation Constant
2.On addition of ammonium chloride to a solution of ammonium hydroxide
On addition of ammonium chloride to a solution of ammonium hydroxide
a) Concentration of OH−increases
b) Concentration of OH−decreases
c) Concentration of NH+4 and OH−increases
3.On passing a current of HCl gas in a saturated solution of NaCl, the solubility of NaCl
a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains unchanged
d) NaCl decomposes
4.An electrolyte
a) Gives complex ions in the solution
b) Dissolves in water to give ions
Is ionized in solid state
c) Generates ions on passing electric current
5.Le Chatellier's principle is applicable to
a) hetergemous system
b) homogenous system
c) irreversible reaction
d) system in equilibrium
6.The Chemical equilibrium reaction is not influenced by
a) Temperature
b) pressure
c) Catalyst
d) Concentration
7.Which one of the following equilibrium reactions is not affected by a change in pressure?
a) N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇋ 2NH3(g)
b) 2NO2(g) ⇋ N2O4(g)
c) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) ⇋ PCI5(g)
d) H2(g) + I2(g) ⇋ 2HI(g)
8. What is the net effect of the common ion?
a) It reduces the solubility of the solute in the solution.
b) It increases the solute in the solution.
c) It causes more product to be made.
d) It causes more ions to form.
9.When does a precipitate form?
a) When something is insoluble in solution.
b) When something is soluble in solution.
c) Whenever a solid is added to solution.
d) Whenever liquid is added to a solution.
10.Le Chatelier's principle states that, "If a chemical system at equilibrium is subjected to a change in conditions, the system will ...
a) not respond in any way unless the temperature is altered significantly."
b) adjust to re-establish equilibrium in such a way as to completely overcome the imposed change."
c) react in a way that quickly returns all reactant and product concentrations to their original values."
d) adjust to re-establish equilibrium in such a way as to partially compensate for the imposed change."
11.A reaction that increases heat energy is known as
a) endothermic
b) Exothermic
c) sothermic
12.An exothermic reaction is allowed to reach equilibrium. If heat energy is then removed, the equilibrium will shift
a) product side
b) middle side
c) reactant side
13.When both the forward and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate, the reaction is said to be at
a) Completion
b) Equilibrium
c) steady state
14.When a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium
a) The concentration of reactant continue to change
b) the concentration of product continue to change
c) the concentration of reactant and product remain constant
15.Equilibrium will be affected by change in
a) time
b) temperature
c) number of experiments
16.The state of equilibrium is especially important in
a) solids
b) liquids
c) solutions
17.When equilibrium is reached, the number of reactant particle and product particle
a) decreases
b) increases
c) remains constant
18.At equilibrium the rate of forward reaction and rate of reverse reaction are
a) equal
b) not equal
c) none
Answers
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Answer:
Answer 1 Solubility product
Applying the law of mass action, Since the solution is saturated, the concentration of unionised molecules of the electrolyte is constant at a particular temperature, i.e., constant. is termed as the solubility product.
Answer 2 C part
Answer 3 Decreases
Answer 4 c) Generates ions on passing electric current
Answer 5 Le Chatelier's principle is applicable to all systems, chemical or physical, in equilibrium. According to the principal, when a system at equilibrium is disturbed the position of the equilibrium shifts in a direction so that the effect of the change is nullified.
Answer 6 Chemical equilibrium of reversible reaction is not influenced by the catalyst. Catalyst decreases the activation barrier for a reaction so the reaction proceeds fast. In the presence of the catalyst, the equilibrium reaches faster but it doesn't affect the thermodynamic properties so answer is temperature
Answer 7 D option is correct
Answer 8 The common ion effect describes the effect on equilibrium that occurs when a common ion (an ion that is already contained in the solution) is added to a solution. The common ion effect generally decreases solubility of a solute.
Answer 9 a option is correct
Answer 10 General statement of Le Chatelier's principle
It states that changes in the temperature, pressure, volume, or concentration of a system will result in predictable and opposing changes in the system in order to achieve a new equilibrium state.
Answer 11. Exothermic
Answer 12. toward the middle.
Answer 13. In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which the forward reaction rate and the reverse reaction rate are equal. The result of this equilibrium is that the concentrations of the reactants and the products do not change
Answer 14 A reaction is at equilibrium when the amounts of reactants or products no longer change. Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process, meaning the rate of formation of products by the forward reaction is equal to the rate at which the products re-form reactants by the reverse reaction.
Answer 15 temperature
Answer 16 solutions
Answer 17 All reactions tend towards a state of chemical equilibrium, the point at which both the forward process and the reverse process are taking place at the same rate. Since the forward and reverse rates are equal, the concentrations of the reactants and products are constant at equilibrium.
Answer 18 In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which the forward reaction rate and the reverse reaction rate are equal. The result of this equilibrium is that the concentrations of the reactants and the products do not change.
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